가인

Cain

히브리어 קַ֫יִן헬라어 Κάϊν

인물 남성

[Easton 한국어 번역] 소유; 창. (1.) 아담과 하와의 맏아들이다(창 4장). 그의 아우 아벨이 목축에 종사한 것처럼, 그는 땅을 경작하는 사람이 되었다. 그는 “시무룩하고 고집이 세며 거만하고 복수심이 강한 사람이었고, 그 성품에 종교적 요소가 결여되어 있었으며, 하나님을 향한 태도에서조차 반항적이었다.” “세월이 지난 후에”(난외주, “날들의 끝에”), 곧 아마도 안식일에, 두 형제가 여호와께 제물을 드리게 되었다. 아벨의 제물은 “양의 첫 새끼와 그 기름”이었으나, 가인의 제물은 “땅의 소산”이었다. 아벨의 제사는 가인의 것보다 “더 나은”(히 11:4) 것이었으며, 하나님께서 받으셨다. 이 때문에 가인은 “심히 분하여” 아우를 향해 살의에 찬 미움을 품었고, 마침내 그를 죽이는 극악한 폭행의 죄를 범하였다(요일 3:12). 이 범죄로 그는 에덴에서 쫓겨났고, 이후 유배자의 삶을 살았다. 그는 자비를 구하는 자신의 부르짖음에 응답하여 하나님께서 그에게 주신 어떤 표를 몸에 지니고 있었으며, 그 표로 다른 사람들의 분노에서 보호받게 되었다. 또는 하나님께서 그가 죽임을 당하지 않을 것임을 확신시키기 위해 어떤 징표만 주셨을 수도 있다(창 4:15). 땅에서 피하며 유리하는 자가 될 운명에 처한 그는 “에덴 동편”에 있었다고 하는 “놋 땅”, 곧 “유배”의 땅으로 나아갔다. 그곳에서 그는 성경에 기록된 최초의 성을 쌓고, 자기 아들의 이름을 따라 에녹이라 불렀다. 그의 후손들은 여섯째 세대까지 열거되어 있다. 그들은 도덕적·영적 상태가 점차 타락하여 마침내 하나님 앞에서 완전히 부패하게 되었다. 이러한 부패가 만연하였고, 마침내 하나님께서는 악이 최종적으로 승리하는 것을 막으시려고 홍수를 보내셨다. (아벨 항목 참조.) (2.) 미디안 족속의 한 갈래인 겐 족속의 성읍으로(수 15:57), 엔게디 위쪽 산지의 동쪽 가장자리에 있다. 아마도 발람이 언급한 “바위에 있는 보금자리”(민 24:21)일 것이다. 헤브론에서 남동쪽으로 3마일 떨어진 오늘날의 예킨이 그 위치로 확인된다.

영문 원문·다른 사전 펼치기

[Easton] A possession; a spear. (1.) The first-born son of Adam and Eve (Gen. 4). He became a tiller of the ground, as his brother Abel followed the pursuits of pastoral life. He was “a sullen, self-willed, haughty, vindictive man; wanting the religious element in his character, and defiant even in his attitude towards God.” It came to pass “in process of time” (marg. “at the end of days”), i.e., probably on the Sabbath, that the two brothers presented their offerings to the Lord. Abel’s offering was of the “firstlings of his flock and of the fat,” while Cain’s was “of the fruit of the ground.” Abel’s sacrifice was “more excellent” (Heb. 11:4) than Cain’s, and was accepted by God. On this account Cain was “very wroth,” and cherished feelings of murderous hatred against his brother, and was at length guilty of the desperate outrage of putting him to death (1 John 3:12). For this crime he was expelled from Eden, and henceforth led the life of an exile, bearing upon him some mark which God had set upon him in answer to his own cry for mercy, so that thereby he might be protected from the wrath of his fellow-men; or it may be that God only gave him some sign to assure him that he would not be slain (Gen. 4:15). Doomed to be a wanderer and a fugitive in the earth, he went forth into the “land of Nod”, i.e., the land of “exile”, which is said to have been in the “east of Eden,” and there he built a city, the first we read of, and called it after his son’s name, Enoch. His descendants are enumerated to the sixth generation. They gradually degenerated in their moral and spiritual condition till they became wholly corrupt before God. This corruption prevailed, and at length the Deluge was sent by God to prevent the final triumph of evil. (See ABEL.) (2.) A town of the Kenites, a branch of the Midianites (Josh. 15:57), on the east edge of the mountain above Engedi; probably the “nest in a rock” mentioned by Balaam (Num. 24:21). It is identified with the modern Yekin, 3 miles south-east of Hebron. [Smith] one of the cities in the low country of Judah, named with Zanoah and Gibeah. (Joshua 15:57) (possession). Gen. 4. He was the eldest son of Adam and Eve; he followed the business of agriculture. In a fit of jealousy, roused by the rejection of his own sacrifice and the acceptance of Abel’s, he committed the crime of murder, for which he was expelled from Eden, and led the life of an exile. He settled in the land of Nod, and built a city, which he named after his son Enoch. His descendants are enumerated together with the inventions for which they were remarkable. (B.C. 4000.) [Hitchcock] possession, or possessed [Nave] –1. Son of Adam Ge 4:1 .Jealousy and crime of Ge 4:3-15 ; Heb 11:4 ; 1Jo 3:12 ; Jude 1 :11 .Sojourns in the land of Nod Ge 4:16 .Children and descendants of Ge 4:17 , 18 –2. A city of Judah Jos 15:57 [STEPBible TIPNR] A man living at the time before the Flood, first mentioned at Gen.4.1) referred to as Cain (קַ֫יִן), or Cain (Κάϊν); son of Adam and Eve; a brother of Abel and Seth; father of Enoch. [Theographic] The first-born son of Adam and Eve (Gen. 4). He became a tiller of the ground, as his brother Abel followed the pursuits of pastoral life. He was “a sullen, self-willed, haughty, vindictive man; wanting the religious element in his character, and defiant even in his attitude towards God.” It came to pass “in process of time” (marg. “at the end of days”), i.e., probably on the Sabbath, that the two brothers presented their offerings to the Lord. Abel’s offering was of the “firstlings of his flock and of the fat,” while Cain’s was “of the fruit of the ground.” Abel’s sacrifice was “more excellent” (Heb. 11:4) than Cain’s, and was accepted by God. On this account Cain was “very wroth,” and cherished feelings of murderous hatred against his brother, and was at length guilty of the desperate outrage of putting him to death (1 John 3:12). For this crime he was expelled from Eden, and henceforth led the life of an exile, bearing upon him some mark which God had set upon him in answer to his own cry for mercy, so that thereby he might be protected from the wrath of his fellow-men; or it may be that God only gave him some sign to assure him that he would not be slain (Gen. 4:15). Doomed to be a wanderer and a fugitive in the earth, he went forth into the “land of Nod”, i.e., the land of “exile”, which is said to have been in the “east of Eden,” and there he built a city, the first we read of, and called it after his son’s name, Enoch. His descendants are enumerated to the sixth generation. They gradually degenerated in their moral and spiritual condition till they became wholly corrupt before God. This corruption prevailed, and at length the Deluge was sent by God to prevent the final triumph of evil.

항목 출처: Theographic; Easton; Smith; Hitchcock; Nave; STEPBible TIPNR · CC BY-SA 4.0; Public domain; NEUU CC BY 4.0; CC BY 4.0