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[Easton] (1.) In the sense of soil or ground, the translation of the word adamah’. In Gen. 9:20 “husbandman” is literally “man of the ground or earth.” Altars were to be built of earth (Ex. 20:24). Naaman asked for two mules’ burden of earth (2 Kings 5:17), under the superstitious notion that Jehovah, like the gods of the heathen, could be acceptably worshipped only on his own soil. (2). As the rendering of ’erets, it means the whole world (Gen. 1:2); the land as opposed to the sea (1:10). Erets also denotes a country (21:32); a plot of ground (23:15); the ground on which a man stands (33:3); the inhabitants of the earth (6:1; 11:1); all the world except Israel (2 Chr. 13:9). In the New Testament “the earth” denotes the land of Judea (Matt. 23:35); also things carnal in contrast with things heavenly (John 3:31; Col. 3:1, 2). [Smith] The term is used in two widely-different senses: (1) for the material of which the earth’s surface is composed; (2) as the name of the planet on which man dwells. The Hebrew language discriminates between these two by the use of separate terms, adamah for the former, erets for the latter. Adamah is the earth in the sense of soil or ground, particularly as being susceptible of cultivation. (Genesis 2:7) Erets is applied in a more or less extended sense— (1) to the whole world, (Genesis 1:1) (2) to land as opposed to sea, (Genesis 1:10) (3) to a country, (Genesis 21:32) (4) to a plot of ground, (Genesis 23:15) and (5) to the ground on which a man stands. (Genesis 33:3) The two former senses alone concern us, the fairest involving an inquiry into the opinions of the Hebrews on cosmogony, the second on geography. cosmogony.— (1) The Hebrew cosmogony is based upon the leading principle that the universe exists, not independently of God, nor yet co-existent with God, nor yet in opposition to him as a hostile element, but dependently upon him, subsequently to him and in subjection to him. (2) Creation was regarded as a progressive work—a gradual development from the inferior to the superior orders of things. Geography.—There seems to be traces of the same ideas as prevailed among the Greeks, that the world was a disk, (Isaiah 40:22) bordered by the ocean, with Jerusalem as its centre, like Delphi as the navel, or, according to another view, the highest point of the world. As to the size of the earth, the Hebrews had but a very indefinite notion. [Nave] –Primitive condition of Ge 1:6 , 7 ; Job 26:7 ; Ps 104:5-9 –Design of Isa 45:18 –Ancient notions concerning 1Sa 2:8 ; Job 9:6 ; Re 7:1 –Cursed of God Ge 3:17 , 18 ; Ro 8:19-22 –Circle of Isa 40:22 –God’s footstool Isa 66:1 ; La 2:1 –Given to man Ps 115:16 –Early divisions of Ge 10 ; 11 ; De 32:8 –Perpetuity of Ge 49:26 ; De 33:15 ; Ps 78:69 ; 104:5 ; Ec 1:4 ; Hab 3:6 –A new earth Isa 65:17 ; 66:22 ; Re 21:1 –CREATED BY GOD Ge 1:1 ; 2Ki 19:15 ; 2Ch 2:12 ; Ne 9:6 ; Ps 90:2 ; 102:25 ; 115:15 ; 146:6 ; Pr 8:22-26 ; Isa 37:16 ; 45:18 ; Jer 10:12 ; 27:5 ; 32:17 ; 51:15 ; Joh 17:24 ; 2Pe 3:5 ; Re 10:6 ; 14:7 .BY CHRIST Joh 1:3 , 10 ; Heb 1:10 .See CREATION .See GOD, CREATOR –DESTRUCTION OF Ps 102:25-27 ; Isa 24:19 , 20 ; 51:6 ; Mt 5:18 ; 24:3 , 14 , 29-31 , 35-39 ; Mr 13:24-37 ; Lu 21:26-36 ; Heb 1:10-12 ; 2Pe 3:10-13 ; Re 20:11 ; 21:1