요압

Joab

히브리어 יוֹאָב

인물 남성

[Easton 한국어 번역] 여호와는 그의 아버지이시다. (1.) 다윗의 누이 스루야의 세 아들 가운데 하나로, 다윗의 통치 기간 내내 “군대장관”이었다(삼하 2:13; 10:7; 11:1; 왕상 11:15). 그의 아버지의 이름은 어디에도 언급되지 않지만, 베들레헴에 있던 그의 묘실은 언급되어 있다(삼하 2:32). 그의 두 형제는 아비새와 발이 빠른 아사헬이었다. 아사헬은 아브넬에게 죽임을 당하였고(삼하 2:13-32), 요압은 후에 아브넬을 간계로 살해하였다(3:22-27). 그 후 요압은 시온 산의 요새를 공격할 때 선봉에 섰으며, 이 공로로 “왕의 군대장관”의 지위에 올랐다(삼하 5:6-10; 대상 27:34). 그의 주요 군사적 업적은 (1) 아람과 암몬의 연합군을 상대한 전쟁, (2) 에돔을 상대한 전쟁(왕상 11:15, 16), (3) 암몬 자손을 상대한 전쟁이었다(삼하 10:7-19; 11:1, 11). 그가 우리아를 살해하는 일에 자진하여 가담한 것은 그의 인격에 깊은 오점을 남겼다(11:14-25). 압살롬을 죽인 일에서는 겉으로 보기에 의무감에 따라 행동한 듯하다(18:1-14). 다윗은 요압이 자신에게 베푼 많은 공로를 돌아보지 않고, 후에 요압의 사촌 아마사에게 군대의 지휘권을 주었다(삼하 20:1-13; 19:13). 다윗이 죽어 갈 때 요압은 솔로몬보다 아도니야의 편을 들었다. 그 후 그는 피신해 있던 제단에서 솔로몬의 명령에 따라 브나야에게 죽임을 당하였다. 이는 솔로몬의 아버지가 내린 명령에 따른 것이었다(삼하 3:29; 20:5-13). 이처럼 백발의 음모자는 자신을 위해 목소리를 높여 줄 사람 하나 없이 죽었다. 그는 “거친 땅”에 있던 자기 소유지에 장사되었는데, 아마 예루살렘 북동쪽이었을 것이다(왕상 2:5, 28-34). 브나야가 그의 뒤를 이어 군대장관이 되었다. (2.) 대상 4:14. (3.) 스 2:6.

영문 원문·다른 사전 펼치기

[Easton] Jehovah is his father. (1.) One of the three sons of Zeruiah, David’s sister, and “captain of the host” during the whole of David’s reign (2 Sam. 2:13; 10:7; 11:1; 1 Kings 11:15). His father’s name is nowhere mentioned, although his sepulchre at Bethlehem is mentioned (2 Sam. 2:32). His two brothers were Abishai and Asahel, the swift of foot, who was killed by Abner (2 Sam. 2:13-32), whom Joab afterwards treacherously murdered (3:22-27). He afterwards led the assault at the storming of the fortress on Mount Zion, and for this service was raised to the rank of “prince of the king’s army” (2 Sam. 5:6-10; 1 Chr. 27:34). His chief military achievements were, (1) against the allied forces of Syria and Ammon; (2) against Edom (1 Kings 11:15, 16); and (3) against the Ammonites (2 Sam. 10:7-19; 11:1, 11). His character is deeply stained by the part he willingly took in the murder of Uriah (11:14-25). He acted apparently from a sense of duty in putting Absalom to death (18:1-14). David was unmindful of the many services Joab had rendered to him, and afterwards gave the command of the army to Amasa, Joab’s cousin (2 Sam. 20:1-13; 19:13). When David was dying Joab espoused the cause of Adonijah in preference to that of Solomon. He was afterwards slain by Benaiah, by the command of Solomon, in accordance with his father’s injunction (2 Sam. 3:29; 20:5-13), at the altar to which he had fled for refuge. Thus this hoary conspirator died without one to lift up a voice in his favour. He was buried in his own property in the “wilderness,” probably in the north-east of Jerusalem (1 Kings 2:5, 28-34). Benaiah succeeded him as commander-in-chief of the army. (2.) 1 Chr. 4:14. (3.) Ezra 2:6. [Smith] (whose father is Jehovah), the most remarkable of the three nephews of David, the children of Zeruiah, David’s sister. (B.C. 1053-1012.) Joab first appears after David’s accession to the throne at Hebron. Abner slew in battle Asahel, the youngest brother of Joab; and when David afterward received Abner into favor, Joab treacherously murdered him. [Abner] There was now no rival left in the way of Joab’s advancement, and at the siege of Jebus he was appointed for his prowess commander-in-chief—“captain of the host.” In the wide range of wars which David undertook, Joab was the acting general. He was called by the almost regal title of “lord,” (2 Samuel 11:11) “the prince of the king’s army.” (1 Chronicles 27:34) In the entangled relations which grew up in David’s domestic life he bore an important part, successfully reinstating Absalom in David’s favor after the murder of Amnon. (2 Samuel 14:1-20) When the relations between father and son were reversed by the revolt of Absalom, Joab remained true to the king, taking the rebel prince’s dangerous life in spite of David’s injunction to spare him, and when no one else had courage to act so decisive a part. (2 Samuel 18:2,11-15) (B.C. 1023). The king transferred the command to Amasa, which so enraged Joab that he adroitly assassinated Amasa when pretending to welcome him as a friend. (2 Samuel 20:10) Friendly relations between himself and David seem to have existed afterward, (2 Samuel 24:2) but at the close of his long life, his loyalty, so long unshaken, at last wavered. “Though he had not turned after Absalom, he turned after Adonijah.” (1 Kings 2:28) This probably filled up the measure of the king’s long-cherished resentment. The revival of the pretensions of Adonijah after David’s death was sufficient to awaken the suspicions of Solomon. Joab fled to the shelter of the altar at Gibeon, and was here slain by Benaiah. (B.C. about 1012.) One of Kenaz’s descendants. (1 Chronicles 4:14) (Ezra 2:6; 8:9; Nehemiah 7:11) [Hitchcock] paternity; voluntary [Nave] –1. Son of David’s sister 1Ch 2:16 .Commander of David’s army 2Sa 8:16 ; 20:23 ; 1Ch 11:6 ; 18:15 ; 27:34 .Dedicated the plunder of his battles 1Ch 26:28 .Defeated the Jebusites 1Ch 11:6 .Defeats and kills Abner 2Sa 2:13-32 ; 3:27 ; 1Ki 2:5 .Destroys all the males in Edom 1Ki 11:16 .(See title) Ps 60 .Defeats the Ammonites 2Sa 10:7-14 ; 1Ch 19:6-15 .Captures Rabbah 2Sa 11:1 , 15-25 ; 12:26-29 ; 1Ch 20:1 , 2 .Procures the return of Absalom to Jerusalem 2Sa 14:1-24 .Barley field of, burned by Absalom 2Sa 14:29-33 .Pursues and kills Absalom 2Sa 18 .Censures David for lamenting the death of Absalom 2Sa 19:1-8 .Replaced by Amasa as commander of David’s army 2Sa 17:25 ; 19:13 .Kills Amasa 2Sa 20:8-13 ; 1Ki 2:5 .Causes Sheba to be put to death 2Sa 20:16-22 .Opposes the numbering of the people 2Sa 24:3 ; 1Ch 21:3 .Numbers the people 2Sa 24:4-9 ; 1Ch 21:4 , 5 ; 27:23 , 24 .Supports Adonijah as successor to David 1Ki 1:7 ; 2:28 .Killed by Benaiah, under Solomon’s order 1Ki 2:29-34 –2. A grandson of Kenaz 1Ch 4:14 –3. An Israelite (or the name of two Israelites) whose descendants returned from Babylon to Jerusalem Ezr 2:6 ; 8:9 ; Ne 7:11 –4. “The household of Joab,” 1Ch 2:54 .Probably identical with number one [STEPBible TIPNR] A man living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at Ezr.8.9) only referred to as Joab (יוֹאָב). [Theographic] Ezra 2:6.

항목 출처: Theographic; Easton; Smith; Hitchcock; Nave; STEPBible TIPNR · CC BY-SA 4.0; Public domain; NEUU CC BY 4.0; CC BY 4.0