우상

Idol

주제

[Easton 한국어 번역] (1.) 히브리어 아웬(aven), “아무것도 아님”, “허무함”(사 66:3; 41:29; 신 32:21; 왕상 16:13; 시 31:6; 렘 8:19 등). (2.) 엘릴(’Elil), “아무 가치도 없는 것”(시 97:7; 사 19:3). 경멸을 나타내는 말로, 놉의 신들을 가리키는 데 사용되었다(겔 30:13). (3.) 에마(’Emah), “공포.” 우상들의 흉측한 모습을 암시한다(렘 50:38). (4.) 미플레체트(Miphletzeth), “무서운 것”, “공포”(왕상 15:13; 대하 15:16). (5.) 보셰트(Bosheth), “수치”, “수치스러운 것”(렘 11:13; 호 9:10). 바알 숭배의 음란함을 특징짓는 말이다. (6.) 길룰림(Gillulim). 이 역시 경멸을 나타내는 말로, “똥”, “찌꺼기”라는 뜻이다(겔 16:36; 20:8; 신 29:17 난외주). (7.) 쉬쿠츠(Shikkuts), “오물”, “불결함”(겔 37:23; 나 3:6). (8.) 세멜(Semel), “닮은 모양”, “새긴 형상”(신 4:16). (9.) 첼렘(Tselem), “그림자”(단 3:1; 삼상 6:5). “닮은 모양”, 곧 정확히 대응하는 형상과 구별된다. (10.) 테무나(Temunah), “닮은 형상”(신 4:12-19). 여기서 모세는 이방인의 여러 형태의 우상 숭배를 금한다. (11.) 아차브(’Atsab), “형상.” “만들다”, “수고하다”라는 어근에서 나왔으며, 우상이 인간의 수고의 산물임을 나타낸다(사 48:5; 시 139:24의 “악한 행위”. 문자적으로는 일부 사람들이 번역하듯이 “우상의 길”이다). (12.) 치르(Tsir), “형태”, “모양”(사 45:16). (13.) 마체바(Matztzebah), 세워 놓은 “조상”(彫像)(렘 43:13). 야곱(창 28:18; 31:45; 35:14, 20), 여호수아(4:9), 사무엘(삼상 7:12)이 세운 것과 같은 기념 돌이다. 바알의 조상들에 붙여진 이름이다(왕하 3:2; 10:27). (14.) 함마님(Hammanim), “태양상들.” 함만은 베니게인들의 태양신 바알과 동의어이다(대하 34:4, 7; 14:3, 5; 사 17:8). (15.) 마스키트(Maskith), “고안물”(레 26:1; 민 33:52). 레위기 26:1의 “돌 형상”(흠정역)이라는 말은 “바알, 아스다롯 등과 같은 우상의 형상이 새겨진 돌이나 석주”를 가리킨다. 에스겔 8:12의 “우상의 방들”(마스키트)은 “벽에 우상들의 형상이 그려져 있는 방들”이다. 10, 11절 비교. (16.) 페셀(Pesel), “새긴 형상” 또는 “조각한 형상”(사 44:10-20). 금속을 부어 만든 형상도 가리킨다(신 7:25; 27:15; 사 40:19; 44:10). (17.) 마세카(Massekah), “부어 만든 우상”(신 9:12; 삿 17:3, 4). (18.) 드라빔(Teraphim). 복수형으로 “형상들”이라는 뜻이며, 아브람의 친족들이 숭배한 가정의 신들, 곧 가신들(penates)이다(수 24:14). 미갈이 다윗의 침상에 놓아두었다(삿 17:5; 18:14, 17, 18, 20; 삼상 19:13). “우상 숭배의 도구들과 고안물들을 가리키는 말이 이처럼 많고 다양하다는 사실보다 더 교훈적이고 의미심장한 것은 없다.”

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[Easton] (1.) Heb. aven, “nothingness;” “vanity” (Isa. 66:3; 41:29; Deut. 32:21; 1 Kings 16:13; Ps. 31:6; Jer. 8:19, etc.). (2.) ‘Elil, “a thing of naught” (Ps. 97:7; Isa. 19:3); a word of contempt, used of the gods of Noph (Ezek. 30:13). (3.) ‘Emah, “terror,” in allusion to the hideous form of idols (Jer. 50:38). (4.) Miphletzeth, “a fright;” “horror” (1 Kings 15:13; 2 Chr. 15:16). (5.) Bosheth, “shame;” “shameful thing” (Jer. 11:13; Hos. 9:10); as characterizing the obscenity of the worship of Baal. (6.) Gillulim, also a word of contempt, “dung;” “refuse” (Ezek. 16:36; 20:8; Deut. 29:17, marg.). (7.) Shikkuts, “filth;” “impurity” (Ezek. 37:23; Nah. 3:6). (8.) Semel, “likeness;” “a carved image” (Deut. 4:16). (9.) Tselem, “a shadow” (Dan. 3:1; 1 Sam. 6:5), as distinguished from the “likeness,” or the exact counterpart. (10.) Temunah, “similitude” (Deut. 4:12-19). Here Moses forbids the several forms of Gentile idolatry. (11.) ‘Atsab, “a figure;” from the root “to fashion,” “to labour;” denoting that idols are the result of man’s labour (Isa. 48:5; Ps. 139:24, “wicked way;” literally, as some translate, “way of an idol”). (12.) Tsir, “a form;” “shape” (Isa. 45:16). (13.) Matztzebah, a “statue” set up (Jer. 43:13); a memorial stone like that erected by Jacob (Gen. 28:18; 31:45; 35:14, 20), by Joshua (4:9), and by Samuel (1 Sam. 7:12). It is the name given to the statues of Baal (2 Kings 3:2; 10:27). (14.) Hammanim, “sun-images.” Hamman is a synonym of Baal, the sun-god of the Phoenicians (2 Chr. 34:4, 7; 14:3, 5; Isa. 17:8). (15.) Maskith, “device” (Lev. 26:1; Num. 33:52). In Lev. 26:1, the words “image of stone” (A.V.) denote “a stone or cippus with the image of an idol, as Baal, Astarte, etc.” In Ezek. 8:12, “chambers of imagery” (maskith), are “chambers of which the walls are painted with the figures of idols;” comp. ver. 10, 11. (16.) Pesel, “a graven” or “carved image” (Isa. 44:10-20). It denotes also a figure cast in metal (Deut. 7:25; 27:15; Isa. 40:19; 44:10). (17.) Massekah, “a molten image” (Deut. 9:12; Judg. 17:3, 4). (18.) Teraphim, pl., “images,” family gods (penates) worshipped by Abram’s kindred (Josh. 24:14). Put by Michal in David’s bed (Judg. 17:5; 18:14, 17, 18, 20; 1 Sam. 19:13). “Nothing can be more instructive and significant than this multiplicity and variety of words designating the instruments and inventions of idolatry.” [Smith] An image or anything used as an object of worship in place of the true God. Among the earliest objects of worship, regarded as symbols of deity, were the meteoric stones, which the ancients believed to have been images of the Gods sent down from heaven. From these they transferred their regard to rough unhewn blocks, to stone columns or pillars of wood, in which the divinity worshipped was supposed to dwell, and which were connected, like the sacred stone at Delphi, by being anointed with oil and crowned with wool on solemn days. Of the forms assumed by the idolatrous images we have not many traces in the Bible. Dagon, the fish-god of the Philistines, was a human figure terminating in a fish; and that the Syrian deities were represented in later times in a symbolical human shape we know for certainty. When the process of adorning the image was completed, it was placed in a temple or shrine appointed for it. Epist. (Jeremiah 12:1; Jeremiah 19:1) ... Wisd. 13:15; (1 Corinthians 8:10) From these temples the idols were sometimes carried in procession, Epist. (Jeremiah 4:26) on festival days. Their priests were maintained from the idol treasury, and feasted upon the meats which were appointed for the idols’ use. Bel and the Dragon 3,13. [Nave] –Manufacture of Ex 20:4 ; 32:4 , 20 ; De 4:23 ; Isa 40:19 , 20 ; 44:9-12 , 17 ; Hab 2:18 ; Ac 19:24 , 25 –Manufacture of, forbidden Ex 20:4 ; 34:17 –Made of .Gold Ex 32:3 , 4 ; Ps 115:4-7 ; 135:15-17 ; Isa 2:20 ; 30:22 ; 31:7 ; Ho 8:4 .Silver Isa 2:20 ; 30:22 ; 31:7 ; Ho 8:4 .Wood and stone Le 26:1 ; De 4:28 ; 2Ki 19:18 ; Isa 37:19 ; 41:6 ; 44:13-19 ; Eze 20:32 –Coverings of Isa 30:22 –Prayer to, unanswered 1Ki 18:25-29 ; Isa 16:12 –Things offered to, not to be eaten Ex 34:15 –See ICONOCLASM

항목 출처: Easton; Smith; Nave · CC BY-SA 4.0; Public domain; NEUU CC BY 4.0