구제

Alms

주제

다른 표기: Alms

[Easton 한국어 번역] 이 말은 구약에는 나오지 않지만 신약에는 여러 차례 나온다. 모세의 율법(레 25:35; 신 15:7)은 자선의 정신을 북돋우고 백성 가운데 극빈이 생기는 것을 막는 방향으로 작용하였다. 시 41:1; 112:9; 잠 14:31; 사 10:2; 암 2:7; 렘 5:28; 겔 22:29과 같은 구절들도 자연히 이와 같은 자선의 정신을 길러 주었을 것이다. 우리 주의 시대에는 구걸이 흔하였다(막 10:46; 행 3:2). 바리새인들은 구제할 때 크게 과시하였다(마 6:2). 그리스도인이 이 의무를 행할 때 어떤 정신으로 움직여야 하는지는 요일 3:17에 제시되어 있다. 가난하고 궁핍한 사람들의 형편을 돌보는 것은 그리스도인의 의무로 명령되며(눅 3:11; 6:30; 마 6:1; 행 9:36; 10:2, 4), 초기 그리스도인들은 이 의무를 소홀히 하지 않았다(눅 14:13; 행 20:35; 갈 2:10; 롬 15:25-27; 고전 16:1-4). 그들은 자기들 가운데 있는 가난한 사람들을 돌보았을 뿐 아니라, 멀리 있는 사람들의 필요를 위해서도 헌금하였다(행 11:29; 24:17; 고후 9:12). 우리 주와 그를 따르는 사람들도 이 일에 본을 보였다(요 13:29). 근대에는 “구빈법”이 도입됨으로써, 우리가 이 그리스도인의 의무를 이행하는 방식에 상당한 변화를 주는 요소가 생겼다.

영문 원문·다른 사전 펼치기

[Easton] Not found in the Old Testament, but repeatedly in the New. The Mosaic legislation (Lev. 25:35; Deut. 15:7) tended to promote a spirit of charity, and to prevent the occurrence of destitution among the people. Such passages as these, Ps. 41:1; 112:9; Prov. 14:31; Isa. 10:2; Amos 2:7; Jer. 5:28; Ezek. 22:29, would also naturally foster the same benevolent spirit. In the time of our Lord begging was common (Mark 10:46; Acts 3:2). The Pharisees were very ostentatious in their almsgivings (Matt. 6:2). The spirit by which the Christian ought to be actuated in this duty is set forth in 1 John 3:17. A regard to the state of the poor and needy is enjoined as a Christian duty (Luke 3:11; 6:30; Matt. 6:1; Acts 9:36; 10:2, 4), a duty which was not neglected by the early Christians (Luke 14:13; Acts 20:35; Gal. 2:10; Rom. 15:25-27; 1 Cor. 16:1-4). They cared not only for the poor among themselves, but contributed also to the necessities of those at a distance (Acts 11:29; 24:17; 2 Cor. 9:12). Our Lord and his attendants showed an example also in this (John 13:29). In modern times the “poor-laws” have introduced an element which modifies considerably the form in which we may discharge this Christian duty. [Smith] The duty of alms-giving, especially in kind, consisting chiefly in portions to be left designedly from produce of the field, the vineyard and the oliveyard, (Leviticus 19:9,10; 23:22; 15:11; 24:19; 26:2-13; Ruth 2:2) is strictly enjoined by the law. Every third year also, (14:28) each proprietor was directed to share the tithe of his produce with “the Levite, the stranger, the fatherless and the widow.” The theological estimate of alms-giving among the Jews is indicated in the following passages: (Job 31:17; Proverbs 10:2; 11:4; Esther 9:22; Psalms 112:9; Acts 9:36) the case of Dorcas; (Acts 10:2) of Cornelius; to which may be added Tobit 4:10,11; 14:10,11, and Ecclus. 3:30; 40:24. The Pharisees were zealous in almsgiving, but too ostentatious their mode of performance, for which our Lord finds fault with them. (Matthew 6:2) The duty of relieving the poor was not neglected by the Christians. (Matthew 6:1-4; Luke 14:13; Acts 20:35; Galatians 2:10) Regular proportionate giving was expected. (Acts 11:30; Romans 15:25-27; 1 Corinthians 16:1-4) [Nave] –Asking Joh 9:8 ; Ac 3:2 –COMMANDMENTS AND PRACTICES CONCERNING Le 25:35 ; De 14:28 , 29 ; 15:7-11 ; Isa 58:6 , 7 ; Mt 5:42 ; 6:1-4 ; 19:21 ; Lu 11:41 ; 12:33 ; Ro 12:8 ; 2Co 9:5-7 ; Ga 2:10 ; 1Ti 6:18 ; Heb 13:16 ; 1Jo 3:17 .See BENEFICENCE .See GIFTS .See GIVING .See LIBERALITY .See POOR –INSTANCES OF GIVING .Zaccheus Lu 19:8 .Dorcas Ac 9:36 .Cornelius Ac 10:2 .The early Christians Ac 2:44 , 45 ; 4:34-37 ; 6:1-3 ; 11:29 , 30 ; 24:17 ; Ro 15:25-28 ; 1Co 16:1-4 ; 2Co 8:1-4 ; 9:1 ; Heb 6:10

항목 출처: Easton; Smith; Nave · CC BY-SA 4.0; Public domain; NEUU CC BY 4.0