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[Easton] Faith is in general the persuasion of the mind that a certain statement is true (Phil. 1:27; 2 Thess. 2:13). Its primary idea is trust. A thing is true, and therefore worthy of trust. It admits of many degrees up to full assurance of faith, in accordance with the evidence on which it rests. Faith is the result of teaching (Rom. 10:14-17). Knowledge is an essential element in all faith, and is sometimes spoken of as an equivalent to faith (John 10:38; 1 John 2:3). Yet the two are distinguished in this respect, that faith includes in it assent, which is an act of the will in addition to the act of the understanding. Assent to the truth is of the essence of faith, and the ultimate ground on which our assent to any revealed truth rests is the veracity of God. Historical faith is the apprehension of and assent to certain statements which are regarded as mere facts of history. Temporary faith is that state of mind which is awakened in men (e.g., Felix) by the exhibition of the truth and by the influence of religious sympathy, or by what is sometimes styled the common operation of the Holy Spirit. Saving faith is so called because it has eternal life inseparably connected with it. It cannot be better defined than in the words of the Assembly’s Shorter Catechism: “Faith in Jesus Christ is a saving grace, whereby we receive and rest upon him alone for salvation, as he is offered to us in the gospel.” The object of saving faith is the whole revealed Word of God. Faith accepts and believes it as the very truth most sure. But the special act of faith which unites to Christ has as its object the person and the work of the Lord Jesus Christ (John 7:38; Acts 16:31). This is the specific act of faith by which a sinner is justified before God (Rom. 3:22, 25; Gal. 2:16; Phil. 3:9; John 3:16-36; Acts 10:43; 16:31). In this act of faith the believer appropriates and rests on Christ alone as Mediator in all his offices. This assent to or belief in the truth received upon the divine testimony has always associated with it a deep sense of sin, a distinct view of Christ, a consenting will, and a loving heart, together with a reliance on, a trusting in, or resting in Christ. It is that state of mind in which a poor sinner, conscious of his sin, flees from his guilty self to Christ his Saviour, and rolls over the burden of all his sins on him. It consists chiefly, not in the assent given to the testimony of God in his Word, but in embracing with fiducial reliance and trust the one and only Saviour whom God reveals. This trust and reliance is of the essence of faith. By faith the believer directly and immediately appropriates Christ as his own. Faith in its direct act makes Christ ours. It is not a work which God graciously accepts instead of perfect obedience, but is only the hand by which we take hold of the person and work of our Redeemer as the only ground of our salvation. Saving faith is a moral act, as it proceeds from a renewed will, and a renewed will is necessary to believing assent to the truth of God (1 Cor. 2:14; 2 Cor. 4:4). Faith, therefore, has its seat in the moral part of our nature fully as much as in the intellectual. The mind must first be enlightened by divine teaching (John 6:44; Acts 13:48; 2 Cor. 4:6; Eph. 1:17, 18) before it can discern the things of the Spirit. Faith is necessary to our salvation (Mark 16:16), not because there is any merit in it, but simply because it is the sinner’s taking the place assigned him by God, his falling in with what God is doing. The warrant or ground of faith is the divine testimony, not the reasonableness of what God says, but the simple fact that he says it. Faith rests immediately on, “Thus saith the Lord.” But in order to this faith the veracity, sincerity, and truth of God must be owned and appreciated, together with his unchangeableness. God’s word encourages and emboldens the sinner personally to transact with Christ as God’s gift, to close with him, embrace him, give himself to Christ, and take Christ as his. That word comes with power, for it is the word of God who has revealed himself in his works, and especially in the cross. God is to be believed for his word’s sake, but also for his name’s sake. Faith in Christ secures for the believer freedom from condemnation, or justification before God; a participation in the life that is in Christ, the divine life (John 14:19; Rom. 6:4-10; Eph. 4:15, 16, etc.); “peace with God” (Rom. 5:1); and sanctification (Acts 26:18; Gal. 5:6; Acts 15:9). All who thus believe in Christ will certainly be saved (John 6:37, 40; 10:27, 28; Rom. 8:1). The faith=the gospel (Acts 6:7; Rom. 1:5; Gal. 1:23; 1 Tim. 3:9; Jude 1:3). [Nave] –General scriptures concerning 2Sa 22:31 ; Ps 2:12 ; 5:11 ; 7:1 ; 9:9 , 10 ; 18:30 ; 32:10 ; 33:18 , 19 ; 34:1-8 , 22 ; 36:7 ; 40:4 ; 64:10 ; 78:5-7 ; 84:5 , 12 ; 112:5 , 7 , 8 ; 118:8 , 9 ; 125:1 ; 147:11 ; Pr 3:5 ; 14:26 ; 22:19 ; 28:25 ; 29:25 ; 30:5 ; Isa 10:20 ; 14:32 ; 26:3 ; 30:15 ; 57:13 ; Jer 17:7 , 8 ; 39:18 ; Na 1:7 ; Mt 9:22 ; 21:21 , 22 ; Mr 9:23 , 24 ; 11:23 , 24 ; Lu 7:50 ; 8:48-50 ; 17:5 ; 18:8 ; Joh 11:25-27 ; Ac 3:16 ; 13:48 ; 26:18 ; Ro 1:16 , 17 ; 4:1-25 ; 5:1 ; 9:31-33 ; 10:6-10 ; 11:20 , 23 ; 15:13 ; 1Co 1:21 ; 2:5 ; 12:8 , 9 ; 2Co 1:24 ; Ga 3:1-29 ; 5:22 ; Eph 2:8 ; 6:16 ; Col 1:23 ; 2:12 ; 1Th 2:13 ; 5:8 ; 2Th 2:13 ; 1Ti 1:5 , 19 ; 2:15 ; 4:10 ; 6:11 , 12 , 17 ; 2Ti 4:7 , 8 ; Heb 4:1-11 ; 6:1 , 7 , 12 , 18 ; 10:35 , 38 , 39 ; 11:1-39 ; 13:5 , 6 ; Jas 1:6 ; 2:1-26 ; 1Pe 1:5 , 7 , 9 , 21 ; 3:5 ; 1Jo 3:21 ; 5:4 ; Re 22:7 –See FAITH IN CHRIST –ENJOINED Ex 14:13 ; Nu 21:34 ; De 1:21-31 ; 3:2 , 22 ; 7:17-21 ; 20:1 ; 31:6-8 , 23 ; Jos 1:5-9 ; 10:25 ; Jud 6:14-16 ; 2Ki 19:6 , 7 ; 2Ch 15:7 ; 16:9 ; 20:15 , 17 , 20 ; 32:7 , 8 ; Ne 4:14 ; Job 35:14 ; Ps 4:5 ; 27:14 ; 31:19 , 24 ; 37:3 , 5 , 7 , 39 , 40 ; 55:22 ; 62:8 ; 115:9 , 11 ; 130:7 ; Pr 3:5 , 6 , 24-26 ; 16:3 ; Isa 26:4 , 20 ; 35:3 , 4 ; 37:6 ; 41:10 , 13 , 14 ; 43:1 , 2 , 5 , 10 ; 44:2 , 8 ; 50:10 ; Jer 42:11 ; 49:11 ; Joe 2:21 ; 3:16 ; Hab 2:3 , 4 ; Zep 3:16 , 17 ; Zec 8:9 ; 9:12 ; Mt 6:25-34 ; 17:18-20 ; Mr 1:15 ; 11:22-24 ; Lu 12:22-32 ; 17:6 .INSTANCES OF: see after the following subtopic –EXEMPLIFIED Ge 6:22 ; 16:13 ; 24:7 , 40 ; 48:21 ; 50:20 , 24 ; Ex 15:1-19 ; 18:11 ; Nu 10:29 ; 14:8 , 9 ; Jos 14:12 ; 1Sa 14:6 ; 17:36 , 37 , 45-47 ; 2Sa 7:28 ; 22:2-5 ; 23:5 ; 2Ki 18:5 ; 1Ch 28:20 ; 2Ch 13:10 , 11 ; 14:11 ; 20:12 ; 32:7 , 8 ; Ezr 8:22 ; Ne 1:8-10 ; 2:20 ; Job 4:7-21 ; 5:8 , 9 ; 10:12 ; 13:15 ; 14:15 ; 16:19 ; 19:25-27 ; 23:6 ; 42:2 ; Ps 3:3 , 5 , 6 ; 4:3 , 8 ; 6:8 , 9 ; 7:1 , 10 ; 9:3 , 4 ; 11:1 ; 13:5 ; 16:1 , 2 , 5 , 8 , 11 ; 17:6 ; 18:1-3 , 18 , 28 , 29 ; 20:5-7 ; 21:7 ; 22:4 , 5 ; 23:1-6 ; 25:1 , 2 , 5 , 15 , 20 ; 26:1 , 12 ; 27:1 , 5 , 6 , 10 ; 28:7 ; 31:1 , 3-6 , 14 , 15 ; 32:7 ; 33:20-22 ; 35:10 ; 38:9 ; 39:7 ; 40:3 , 4 , 17 ; 41:12 ; 42:5 , 6 , 8 ; 43:5 ; 44:5 , 8 ; 46:1-3 , 5 , 7 ; 47:3 , 4 ; 48:8 , 14 ; 52:8 ; 54:4 ; 55:16 , 17 , 23 ; 56:3 , 4 , 8 , 9 , 11 ; 57:1-3 ; 59:9 , 10 , 17 ; 60:9 , 10 , 12 ; 61:2 , 4 , 6 , 7 ; 62:1 , 5-7 ; 63:6 , 7 ; 66:9 ; 67:6 ; 69:19 , 35 , 36 ; 70:5 ; 71:1 , 3 , 5-7 , 14 , 16 , 20 , 21 ; 73:23 , 24 , 26 , 28 ; 74:12 ; 77:10-12 ; 86:2 , 7 ; 89:18 , 26 ; 90:1 ; 91:1 , 2 , 9 , 10 ; 92:10 , 15 ; 94:14 , 15 , 17 , 18 , 22 ; 102:13 ; 108:10-13 ; 115:12-14 ; 116:7 ; 118:6 , 7 , 10 , 14 , 17 ; 119:42 , 43 , 57 , 74 , 81 , 114 , 151 , 166 ; 121:2 ; 124:8 ; 130:5 , 6 ; 138:7 , 8 ; 140:6 , 7 , 12 ; 141:8 ; 142:3 , 5 ; 143:8 , 9 ; 144:2 , 10 ; Ec 11:1 ; Isa 8:10 , 17 ; 12:2 ; 25:9 ; 26:1 , 8 ; 33:2 , 22 ; 38:16 ; 50:7-9 ; 63:16 ; 64:8 ; Jer 10:23 ; 14:9 , 22 ; 16:19 ; 17:12 , 17 ; 20:11 ; La 3:24-32 ; Da 3:16 , 17 ; 6:16 ; Jon 2:2-9 ; Mic 7:7-9 , 20 ; Hab 1:12 ; 3:17-19 ; Zep 3:12 ; Lu 1:38 ; 7:50 ; Joh 3:33 ; Ac 16:34 ; 24:14 , 15 ; 27:25 ; Ro 8:18 , 28 , 38 , 39 ; 15:29 ; 1Co 9:26 ; 2Co 1:10 ; 4:8 , 9 , 13 , 16-18 ; 5:7 ; Ga 5:5 ; Php 1:19-21 ; 1Ti 4:10 ; 2Ti 1:12 ; 2:11-13 ; Heb 10:34 ; 11:4 , 5 , 7-11 , 13 , 14 , 16-39 ; 13:14 ; 2Pe 3:13 ; 1Jo 4:16 –INSTANCES OF .Noah, in building the ark Ge 6:14-22 ; Heb 11:7 .Abraham, in forsaking the land of his nativity at the command of God Ge 12:1-4 .Believing the promise of many descendants Ge 12:7 ; 15:4-8 .In the offering up of Isaac Ge 22:1-10 ; Ro 4:18-21 ; Heb 11:8-19 .Jacob, in blessing Joseph’s sons Heb 11:21 .Joseph, concerning God’s providence in his being sold into Egypt, and the final deliverance of Israel Ge 50:20 ; Heb 11:22 .Jochebed, in caring for Moses Ex 2:2 ; Heb 11:23 .Pharaoh’s servants, who obeyed the Lord Ex 9:20 .Moses In espousing the cause of his people Heb 11:24-28 At the death of Korah Nu 16:28 , 29 .The Israelites When Aaron declared the mission of himself and Moses Ex 4:31 In the battle with the Canaanites 1Ch 5:20 And other conquests 2Ch 13:8-18 .See MIRACLES OF MOSES .Caleb, in advising to take the land of promise Nu 13:30 ; 14:6-9 .Rahab, in hospitality to the spies Jos 2:9 , 11 ; Heb 11:31 .The spies, sent to reconnoiter Jericho Jos 2:24 .Conquest of Jericho Jos 6 .Manoah’s wife Jud 13:23 .Hannah 1Sa 1 .Jonathan, in stricking down the Philistines 1Sa 14:6 .David, in striking down Goliath 1Sa 17:37 , 46 , 47 .In choosing to fall into the hands of the Almighty for his punishment for counting the people of Israel 2Sa 24:14 .In believing God’s promise, that his kingdom would be a perpetual kingdom Ac 2:30 .Elijah, in his controversy with the priest of Baal 1Ki 18:32-38 .Widow of Zarephath in feeding Elijah 1Ki 17:13-15 .Amaziah, in dismissing the Ephraimites in obedience to the command of God, and going alone to battle against the Edomites 2Ch 25:7-10 .Hezekiah 2Ki 18:5 ; 19 ; 20:1-11 .Daniel, in the lions’ den Da 6 .The three Hebrews, who refused to worship Nebuchadnezzars idol Da 3:13-27 .Ninevites, in obeying Jonah Jon 3:5 .Ezra, in making the journey from Babylon to Jerusalem without a military escort Ezr 8:22 .Joseph, in obeying the vision about Mary and to flee into Egypt Mt 1:18-24 ; 2:13 , 14 .Abel Heb 11:4 .Eliphaz, in the overruling providence of God, that afflictions are for the good of the righteous Job 5:6-27 .Mordecai, in the deliverance of the Jews Es 4:14 .Simeon, when he saw Jesus in the temple courtyard Lu 2:25-35 .Conquests by Heb 11:32-34 .See FAITH, TRIAL OF, below .See FAITH IN CHRIST, INSTANCES OF, below –IN CHRIST Isa 28:16 ; Mt 7:24 , 25 ; 8:2 , 13 ; 9:22 , 29 ; 11:6 , 28-30 ; 14:27 ; 15:28 ; 17:7 ; Mr 5:36 ; 9:23 ; 16:16 ; Lu 6:46-49 ; 7:9 , 50 ; 8:50 ; 17:6 ; 18:42 ; Joh 1:12 ; 3:14-16 , 18 , 36 ; 5:24 ; 6:20 , 29 , 35 , 45 , 47 ; 7:38 ; 9:35 ; 11:25 , 26 , 40 ; 12:36 , 44 , 46 ; 13:7 , 20 ; 14:1 , 11 , 12 ; 16:27 , 33 ; 18:37 ; 20:27 , 29 , 31 ; Ac 3:16 ; 10:43 ; 15:9 , 11 ; 16:31 ; 20:21 ; 26:18 ; Ro 3:22-28 ; 9:33 ; 10:4 , 9 ; Ga 2:16 ; 3:1-29 ; 5:6 ; Eph 1:12-14 ; 3:12 , 17 ; 4:13 ; Php 3:9 ; Col 2:7 ; 1Ti 1:16 ; 2Ti 1:13 ; 2:1 ; 3:15 ; Heb 4:16 ; 6:19 ; 10:22 ; 12:2 ; 13:7 ; 1Pe 1:8 ; 2:6 , 7 ; 2Pe 1:1 ; 1Jo 3:23 ; 5:4 , 5 , 10 , 13 , 14 ; Jude 1 :21; Re 1:17 ; 3:18 , 20 –IN CHRIST, EXEMPLIFIED Mt 8:2 , 5-10 ; 9:18 , 21 , 28 ; 14:33 ; 15:26-28 ; 16:16 ; Mr 5:28 ; 7:27-30 ; 9:24 ; Lu 5:5 ; 7:3-9 ; 23:42 ; Joh 4:29 , 42 ; 6:14 , 68 , 69 ; 7:31 ; 9:38 ; 10:41 , 42 ; 11:21 , 22 , 27 , 32 ; 16:30 ; 20:28 ; Ac 8:37 ; 11:17 ; Ro 7:24 , 25 ; 8:35 , 37 ; 2Co 12:9 , 10 ; Ga 2:20 ; Php 4:13 ; 1Ti 1:14 ; 2Ti 1:12 ; 4:18 –INSTANCES OF FAITH IN CHRIST .The wise men from the east Mt 2:1 , 2 , 11 .Peter Mt 4:18-22 ; Mr 1:16-20 ; Lu 5:4 , 5 ; Joh 6:68 , 69 .Andrew Mt 4:18-22 ; Mr 1:16-20 ; Joh 1:41 .James and John Mt 4:21 , 22 ; Mr 1:19 , 20 .The woman with the issue of blood Mt 9:21 , 22 .Jairus, for the healing of his daughter Mt 9:18 , 23-25 .Two blind men Mt 9:29 , 30 .Blind Bartimaeus and a fellow blind man Mt 20:30-34 ; Mr 10:46-52 ; Lu 18:35-42 .The Samaritan leper Lu 17:11-19 .The sick people of Gennesaret Mt 14:36 ; Mr 3:10 ; 6:54-56 .Those who brought the paralyzed man to Jesus Lu 5:18-20 .The Syrophoenician woman Mt 15:22-28 ; Mr 7:25-30 .The woman who anointed Jesus’ feet Lu 7:36-50 .Those who brought those who were sick with palsy Mt 9:2 .Philip Joh 1:45 , 46 .Nathanael Joh 1:49 .The Samaritans, who believed Through the preaching of Jesus Joh 4:39-42 Through the preaching of Philip Ac 8:9-12 .The nobleman whose child was sick Joh 4:46-53 .Abraham Joh 8:56 .The blind man whom Jesus healed on the Sabbath Joh 9:13-38 .Mary, the sister of Martha Lu 10:38-42 ; Joh 11:32 .John the disciple Joh 20:8 .The disciples, through the miracle at Cana of Galilee Joh 2:11 .Jews at Jerusalem Joh 2:23 ; 8:30 ; 11:45 ; 12:11 .About three-thousand people on the day of Pentecost Ac 2:41 .About five-thousand people Ac 4:4 .Multitudes Ac 5:14 .The crippled man at Lystra Ac 14:9 .Stephen Ac 6:8 .The Ethiopian eunuch Ac 8:37 .The people of Lydda and S h) aron Ac 9:35 .The people of Joppa Ac 9:42 .The people of Antioch Ac 11:21-24 .Barnabas Ac 11:24 .Eunice, Lois, and Timothy 2Ti 1:5 ; Ac 16:1 .Lydia Ac 16:14 .The Philippian jailor Ac 16:31-34 .Crispus Ac 18:8 .The Corinthians Ac 18:8 ; 1Co 15:11 .Jews at Rome Ac 28:24 .Ephesians Eph 1:13 , 15 .Colossians Col 1:2 , 4 .Thessalonians 1Th 1:6 ; 3:6-8 ; 2Th 1:3 , 4 .Philemon Phm 1 :5 .The congregation at Thyatira Re 2:19 –TRIAL OF 1Ch 29:17 ; Ps 26:2 ; 81:7 ; Mt 13:19-22 ; 24:21-25 ; Lu 8:13 , 14 ; 2Th 1:3-5 ; Heb 6:13-15 ; Jas 1:3 , 12 ; 1Pe 1:7 .See TEMPTATION –INSTANCES OF TRIAL OF .Noah Ge 6:14-22 ; Heb 11:7 .Abraham, when commanded to leave his native land and to go where he did not know Ge 12:1-4 ; Heb 11:8 .Abraham, when commanded to offer Isaac Ge 22:1-19 ; Heb 11:17-19 .Moses, when sent to Pharaoh Ex 3:11 , 12 ; 4:10-17 ; Heb 11:25-29 .Moses, at the Red Sea, by the complaints of the people Ex 14 ; 15 .Joshua and the people of Israel, in the method of taking Jericho Jos 6 ; Heb 11:30 .Gideon, when commanded to deliver Israel Jud 6:36-40 ; 7 ; Heb 11:32 .Job, by affliction and adversity Job 1 ; 2 .Ezra, in leaving Babylon without a military escort Ezr 8:22 .Daniel, when forbidden to pray to Jehovah Da 6:4-23 ; Heb 11:32 , 33 .The three Hebrews, when commanded to worship the image Da 3:8-30 ; Heb 11:32-34 .The Syrophoenician woman Mt 15:21-28 ; Mr 7:24-30 .The two blind men who appealed to Jesus for sight Mt 9:28 .The disciples, when Jesus came walking upon the Sea of Galilee Mt 14:25-33 .The disciples By the question of Jesus, as to who he was Mt 16:15-20 ; Lu 9:20 , 21 By their inability to cast out the evil spirit from the epileptic boy Mt 17:14-21 ; Mr 9:14-29 ; Lu 9:37-42 In the tempest at sea Mt 8:23-27 ; Mr 4:36-41 ; Lu 8:22-26 .Of Philip, when questioned by Jesus as to how the multitude would be fed Joh 6:5 , 6 .Of Peter, when asked whether he loved Jesus Joh 21:16 , 17 .See AFFLICTION, DESIGN OF –STRENGTHENED BY MIRACLES .See MIRACLES, DESIGN OF –SUM TOTAL OF RELIGIOUS BELIEF AND LIFE Ro 1:8 ; Jude 1 :3 –WEAK .See DOUBTING