나그네

Stranger

주제

다른 표기: Stranger,객

[Easton 한국어 번역] 일반적으로 다른 나라에서 와서 팔레스타인에 거주하는 사람을 뜻한다. 이러한 사람들은 유대인들과 함께 여러 특권을 누렸지만, 여전히 그들과 구별되었다. 유대인과 나그네의 관계는 특별한 율법으로 규정되었다(신 23:3; 24:14-21; 25:5; 26:10-13). 때로는 이 말에 특별한 뜻이 붙는다. 창세기 23:4에서는 타국에 거주하는 사람, 출애굽기 23:9에서는 유대인이 아닌 사람, 민수기 3:10에서는 아론의 집안에 속하지 않은 사람, 시편 69:8에서는 외인 또는 알지 못하는 사람을 뜻한다. 유대인들은 이방인을 종으로 사거나(레 25:44, 45), 그들에게 이자를 받는 것이 허용되었다(신 23:20).

영문 원문·다른 사전 펼치기

[Easton] This word generally denotes a person from a foreign land residing in Palestine. Such persons enjoyed many privileges in common with the Jews, but still were separate from them. The relation of the Jews to strangers was regulated by special laws (Deut. 23:3; 24:14-21; 25:5; 26:10-13). A special signification is also sometimes attached to this word. In Gen. 23:4 it denotes one resident in a foreign land; Ex. 23:9, one who is not a Jew; Num. 3:10, one who is not of the family of Aaron; Ps. 69:8, an alien or an unknown person. The Jews were allowed to purchase strangers as slaves (Lev. 25:44, 45), and to take usury from them (Deut. 23:20). [Smith] A “stranger,” in the technical sense of the term, may be defined to be a person of foreign, i.e. non-Israelitish, extraction resident within the limits of the promised land. He was distinct from the proper “foreigner,” inasmuch as the latter still belonged to another country, and would only visit Palestine as a traveller: he was still more distinct from the “nations,” or non-Israelite peoples. The term may be compared with our expression “naturalized foreigner.” The terms applied to the “stranger” have special reference to the fact of residing in the land. The existence of such a class of persons among the Israelites is easily accounted for the “mixed multitude” that accompanied them out of Egypt, (Exodus 12:38) formed one element the Canaanitish Population, which was never wholly extirpated from their native soil, formed another and a still more important one captives taken in war formed a third; fugitives, hired servants, merchants, etc., formed a fourth. With the exception of the Moabites and Ammonites, (23:3) all nations were admissible to the rights of citizenship under certain conditions. The stranger appears to have been eligible to all civil offices, that of king excepted. (17:15) In regard to religion, it was absolutely necessary that the stranger should not infringe any of the fundamental laws of the Israelitish state. If he were a bondman, he was obliged to submit to circumcision, (Exodus 12:44) if he were independent, it was optional with him but if he remained uncircumcised, he was prohibited from partaking of the Passover, (Exodus 12:48) and could not be regarded as a full citizen. Liberty was also given to an uncircumcised stranger in regard to the use of prohibited food. Assuming, however, that the stranger was circumcised, no distinction existed in regard to legal rights ha between the stranger and the Israelite; to the Israelite is enjoined to treat him as a brother. (Leviticus 19:34; 10:19) It also appears that the “stranger” formed the class whence the hirelings were drawn; the terms being coupled together in (Exodus 12:45; Leviticus 22:10; 25:6,40) The liberal spirit of the Mosaic regulations respecting strangers presents a strong contrast to the rigid exclusiveness of the Jews at the commencement of the Christian era. The growth of this spirit dates from the time of the Babylonish captivity.

항목 출처: Easton; Smith · CC BY-SA 4.0; Public domain; NEUU CC BY 4.0